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X-Linked
Mental Retardation
Mental retardation (MR)
affects approximately 30% more males than females. This is partly due
to the X-chromosomal location of relevant genetic defects, and recent
years have seen important progress in the identification of the genes
involved in X-linked mental retardation (XLMR). Two
main forms of XLMR - syndromic XLMR (S-XLMR), which is associated with
additional phenotypes, and non-syndromic XLMR (NS-XLMR) - are being
distinguished with NS-XLMR being the more common form, affecting 2/3 of
the patients. However, while the majority of the genetic defects that
underlie
S-XLMR is either known or
has been mapped to small chromosomal regions, less than 50% of those
that underlie NS-XLMR have been identified (For Review see e.g. Ropers 2008, Ropers 2007, Ropers & Hamel 2005)
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Human Molecular
Genetics
